话说福清交通（二）追溯民国时期福清县际县内古道
<p><br/></p><section style="margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); justify-content: flex-start; display: flex; flex-flow: row; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; display: inline-block; width: auto; vertical-align: top; min-width: 10%; flex: 0 0 auto; height: auto; border-left: 3px solid rgb(15, 76, 129); border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; line-height: 0; align-self: flex-start;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; transform: translate3d(-1px, 0px, 0px);"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(15, 76, 129); text-align: justify; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.5;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">前言</strong></p></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; transform: translate3d(-13px, 0px, 0px) rotateX(180deg);"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; display: inline-block; width: 24px; height: 10px; vertical-align: top; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0; border-style: solid solid none; border-width: 3px 3px 2px; border-color: rgb(15, 76, 129);"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><p><br/></p><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">福建地处中国东南沿海。面朝大海。背靠大山，怀里是山地丘陵，造就了福建“八山一水一分田”的地理特质。</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">一边是辽阔无边的大海，一边是连绵不断的群山，亘古千年，交通，成为福建与中原地区交流交往的一道屏障；新的时代，交通，成为福建加快发展后来居上的一把钥匙。</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">福清交通的沧桑巨变，正是福建交通事业发展腾飞的一个缩影。</p></section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></p><p><br/></p><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; text-indent: 0em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">（一）</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">进入20世纪，满清政府被推翻，长达2000多年的封建社会结束，驿铺制度也跟着被废弃。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">福清是省会福州辖县，周边与闽侯、长乐、永泰、莆田衔接，同平潭隔海相望。民国时期，在古驿道的基础上，福清域内共形成9条通往这些四邻的县际古道。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">当时，福清前往省会福州的道路，均需要“陆水联运”，主要有3条。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">第一条，从融城经圣帝桥、楼镜（今阳下油楼）、新人店、作坊、石湖岭，进入长乐蕉岭、观音亭、东渡、玉田，陆路25公里，而后转乘小火轮驶往福州。这是民国时期福清通往省城福州的主要道路。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">第二条，由融城北门经县垅埔（今阳下奎岭）、埔尾，进入闽侯台岭、东西台、坊口、大义、兰圃、枕峰、峡南，而后乘船过乌龙江至福州，水陆路长35公里。这条交通大道，明清两朝称为“闽融官道”，据传说，它也是叶向高进京赶考走过的道路。旧时在融城大北门外，立有石碑为记。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">第三条，由融城西门经霞盛、上郑、宏路、太城、琯口，越常思岭进入闽侯时洋、横屿、扈屿、大义、兰圃、枕峰、峡南，乘船过乌龙江至福州。此路基本上沿此前的“福莆驿道”走向，全长共65公里。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-indent: 0em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;"></span></section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">民国时期，福清前往长乐的道路，除了走石湖岭，还有一条在东北方向，从海口、城头进入长乐松下、坑田、古槐、北山，抵长乐县治，陆路行程32.5公里。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">福清往东，与平潭岛隔海相望。来往平潭均要乘船横渡海坛海峡，早前有2条通道，一是从海口乘船经屿头到达平潭苏澳，一是从高山经北坑乘船到达平潭娘宫。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">福清西南与莆田接壤，可以从渔溪沿古驿道经蒜岭、桥尾，进入莆田境内的江口、涵江。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">福清西北与永泰毗邻，过去有2条道路，一是从东张经一都进入永泰县境，一是从东张、岭下进入莆田大洋，转抵永泰。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">这些古道全是人工开拓，狭窄崎岖，宽的三尺多，窄的一尺余，绕山越岭，林密棘丛。部分路面铺砌有石台阶；大部分为泥结路，如遇雨天遍地泥泞，行人极感困难。驿道每五里至十里设凉亭一座，供行旅暂避风雨、乘凉休息之用。</span></p><section style="margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-indent: 0em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;"></span></section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 0em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">（二）</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">千百年的人来人往，福清境内古（驿）道的一些节点，一时也形成了商贾兴盛、车水马龙的局面。直到民国时期，有3段古（驿）道周边比较繁华。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">镜洋磨石古驿道。这条古驿道是“福莆古道”中的一段，是自唐宋以后，莆（田）泉（州）漳（州）通往福州、走向京城的必经之路。现存的古驿道上尚有古街概貌。古街道路系石板路，原先被走路的行人磨得像镜面一样光滑，“磨石”由此得名。古时候，磨石村车马不绝，店铺林立，主要店铺有典当铺、南北京果铺、苏杭绸布庄、酒馆、客栈、棺木店等数十家，时“磨石市”成为福清“五市”之一。磨石村古风浓郁，至今保存多座黄氏古厝，系聚居式古民居群。这些古民居红砖碧瓦，十分壮观，据记载，当时文人进京赶考，都要从古厝门前的驿道通过，并在此略作休整。著名的“智丰店”经营酒、布、米、鞋等物品，富甲一方，存留至今的建筑物规模宏大。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-indent: 0em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;"></span></section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">阳下作坊古道。位于福清县治北郊10公里，村北石湖岭，与长乐相邻。明清时期，作坊一直是福清向北经长乐到省城的主要通道。作坊古驿道由南向北穿村而过，古街道笔直，长约200米，当年店铺酒肆隔道相望，街面可容两辆马车并排通过。福清曾有一段广为流传的民谣，“金旧垅（五龙），银作坊，破铜破铁埼岭下（玉岭），珍珠玛瑙里美洋”，可见，在历史上作坊、五龙等乡村因其交通便捷或土地肥沃，繁华富庶，声名远播。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">东张古驿道。上世纪七八十年代，福建省文博部门对东张宋窑进行勘探、发掘时，在该处发现了一条宋代的古驿道。这条重见天日的古驿道，距东张石坑碇步桥不远，是福清东张古驿道的重要组成部分。古驿道向西翻过两座山就是南少林寺遗址，向东200米就是宋元时期的石码头，当年宋窑瓷器就是在石码头装船，顺着龙江出海外运。古驿道向东2千米，就是东张古镇区（今东张水库），外接福清县城。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-indent: 0em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;"></span></section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">民国初年，福清县城通往五镇的道路，仍然都是砂砾路面的小道。其中，融城至海口10公里，经龙山寺、东刘、里美、车头、后路；融城至渔溪20公里，有两条路，一经霞盛、上郑、宏路、金印、下曹、玻璃岭，一经利桥、霞楼、苍霞、岐阳（朝阳）、油塘、上迳；融城至龙田15公里，经利桥、霞楼、安民、桂巷、岑兜、南厝、东阁、七里塍、闻读、上薛；融城至高山35公里，经龙田、岭头、三山、薛港；融城至东张12.5公里，经霞盛、上郑、宏路、真武殿至东张镇区。</span></p><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-indent: 0em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">（三）</span></section><section style="margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; text-indent: 0em;"></section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-indent: 0em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;"></span></section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">古（驿）道作为一种文化遗产，传承了古代交通文化，更是见证时代变迁的历史符号。研究和宣传古驿道及其文化价值，必将促进人们认识和尊重历史，激励人们继承和弘扬优秀传统文化，。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">福清古道是交通枢纽，更是文化遗产的重要载体。今天，我们一起来追溯福清古（驿）道的真实状态与发展历程，挖掘其历史积淀与文化内涵，可以借此寻找连接过去与现在、文化与发展的无形纽带，增强坚持交通先行、争当交通先锋的坚定信念。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></span></p><hr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; border-style: solid; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); transform-origin: 0px 0px; transform: scale(1, 0.5); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; text-indent: 0em; text-align: right; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px;">作者：毛立平，部分资料来源：《福清交通志》。</span></section></section><p><br/></p><p><br/></p><link rel="stylesheet" href="//www.fqlook.cn/source/plugin/wcn_editor/public/wcn_editor_fit.css?v134_o8x" id="wcn_editor_css"/> 满满的历史感扑面而来。 看看就行 这些内容要去那里才能看到
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